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Shearing of loose granular materials: A statistical mesoscopic model

机译:松散颗粒材料的剪切:统计介观模型

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摘要

A two-dimensional lattice model for the formation and evolution of shearbands in granular media is proposed. Each lattice site is assigned a randomvariable which reflects the local density. At every time step, the strain islocalized along a single shear-band which is a spanning path on the latticechosen through an extremum condition. The dynamics consists of randomlychanging the `density' of the sites only along the shear band, and thenrepeating the procedure of locating the extremal path and changing it. Startingfrom an initially uncorrelated density field, it is found that this dynamicsleads to a slow compaction along with a non-trivial patterning of the system,with high density regions forming which shelter long-lived low-density valleys.Further, as a result of these large density fluctuations, the shear band whichwas initially equally likely to be found anywhere on the lattice, getsprogressively trapped for longer and longer periods of time. This state ishowever meta-stable, and the system continues to evolve slowly in a mannerreminiscent of glassy dynamics. Several quantities have been studiednumerically which support this picture and elucidate the unusual system-sizeeffects at play.
机译:针对颗粒介质中剪切带的形成和演化,提出了二维晶格模型。为每个晶格位点分配一个反映局部密度的随机变量。在每个时间步长处,应变都沿着单个剪切带进行定位,该剪切带是通过极值条件选择的晶格上的跨越路径。动力学过程包括仅沿剪切带随机改变部位的“密度”,然后重复定位极值路径并进行更改的过程。从最初不相关的密度场开始,发现该动力学导致系统缓慢压实以及系统的非平凡模式,形成高密度区域,掩盖了长期存在的低密度谷。密度波动大时,最初在晶格上的任何地方都可能发现的剪切带逐渐陷入越来越长的时间。但是,这种状态是亚稳态的,并且该系统以让人想起玻璃动力学的方式继续缓慢发展。已经对数字进行了一些研究,这些证据支持了这一情况,并阐明了正在发挥作用的异常的系统规模效应。

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